Prisoners in Scotland are to be offered cognitive therapy to tackle growing problems with alcohol-related violence and health problems.

The first study of its kind has revealed that two in five prisoners have problems with alcohol misuse, compared with one in eight people in the population at large.

Traditionally, the focus in prisons has been on drugs misuse, but the report shows there is an urgent need to tackle the underlying causes of alcohol-related problems. Despite having almost no access to the substance within jail, 44% of prisoners were recorded as having problems with alcohol misuse.

The Scottish Prison Survey also found that 40% had committed their crime while under the influence of alcohol, and 46% were keen to get help with their drinking problems while in jail.

The Scottish Prison Service (SPS) already assesses the health and substance misuse problems of every prisoner on arrival, and provides a range of interventions, including detox for drug addiction, counselling, and anger management programmes.

However, psychologists are now developing a specialist cognitive behavioural programme to address those with particular alcohol misuse problems. Research shows that for every £1 spent on alcohol treatment, up to £5 is recouped for public services.

Dr Andrew Fraser, head of the health service at SPS, said tackling the underlying problems of alcohol misuse in prison was key to reducing alcohol-related problems and violence in society.

"There is an under-recognised relationship between alcohol and violence," he said. "It has been in the shadow of drugs. But this is the best place to treat people.

"Obviously, alcohol is not readily available in prison and it is not as easy to get hold of as drugs. Hooch is still made in small quantities as, despite the best efforts of staff, prisoners conceal it and they have access to potatoes and sugar."

Dr Lesley Graham, a specialist in public health, has conducted research into this specific area. She said: "It is well established that alcohol misuse and alcohol-related health problems in society are getting worse. Nearly half of prisoners said they were willing to accept help and therefore wanted help with their alcohol misuse problems.

"We have got a population who are the hardest to reach in the community setting but in prison they are easy to reach. The question is whether they will also be easy to treat. The statistics show almost half of them want help and that is a great starting point.

"Prison health is public health. We must recognise that prisoners are part of the community; they come from it and they all go back out into the community. They should have at least the equivalent health provision available to the rest of the public."

Last year, doctors called for an increase in the price of alcohol after a study estimated more than 28,000 victims of drink-related violence were treated in accident and emergency units each year. They also suggested measures could also be introduced to prevent supermarkets offering discounted drinks promotions.

The NHS Quality Improvement Scotland report said around 77 people a day attended accident and emergency departments for alcohol-related assaults. Consumption of alcohol by adults in Scotland has risen by 23% over the past 10 years and the number of alcohol-related illnesses has increased dramatically.